Professors

曹恆偉 Tsao, Hen-Wai

  • 國立台灣大學電機工程學系 名譽教授
  • 2021-02 榮退
  • Ph.D. Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University
  • M.S. Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University
  • B.S. Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University
  • 辦公室 : 電機二館 212
  • 電話 : +886-2-33663623
  • 傳真 : +886-2-23671909
  • Email :
  • Office Hour : Friday, 2:30~~4:30pm, at R212 , EE II. (TEL:02-23635251#213,550)
  • 個人網頁 :
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著作列表's top

主要研究領域

通信/生醫信號處理,通信電子電路,寬頻及光纖通信系統, 低功耗系統與電路,…等.

Signal Processing Techniques for Communication / Biomedical Systems, Fiber Optic Communication Systems, Low Power Circuits and Systems


研究領域摘要

曹教授的主要研究領域為通信系統,通信電子電路,量測系統以及積體電路。在通信系統方面,主要為寬頻光纖及無線傳輸及衛星導航技術的應用;在通信電子電路方面,主要包括多載波發射機線性化技術, 寬頻及光通信信號處理技術;  在積體電路方面,則為通信及量測電路的積體化。他也從事高速乙太網路封包交換器及被動及乙太光網路中部份關鍵電路及性能監測技術的設計及研究。

 

 

Professor Tsao's main research interests include Communication Electronics, Integrated Circuits, Measurement and Instrumentation systems, and  Communication System . In the past few years, he has published several papers on optical CDMA transmission techniques and presently, he is investigating the realization of highly linear multicarrier RF transmitters and key circuit blocks in 10- and 100-Gigabit Ethernet systems. Also, he has studied precision timing circuit techniques applied to automatic test equipments (ATEs). He has also been involved in the projects of designing and implementing high speed variable-length Ethernet packet switches and ASIC’s for Ethernet and  Passive Optical Networks ( PONs).

 

 

 

 

 

    Hen-Wai Tsao (曹恆偉) received the B.S, M.S, and Ph. D. degrees in electrical engineering from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R. O. C. in 1975, 1978, and 1990, respectively.

    He joined the faculty of the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University in 1978 and became a professor in 1991. His main research interests are broadband communication system(wireless and wired), communication electronics circuits, satellite navigation receiver systems  and electronic instrumentation. He is a member of IEEE.

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Journal articles & book chapters

1. Ying-Ren Chien, Sheng-Teng Wu, Hen-Wai Tsao, Paulo.S.R.Diniz, “Correntropy-Based Data Selective Adaptive Filtering” , IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems--I: Regular Papers , Vol. Vol.71, No.2 , 754-766, Feb. 2024

2. Jerry Ho, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “CMOS Power Amplifier with Novel Transformer Power Combiner” , IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems--II: Express Briefs , Vol. Vol.70, No.7 , 2365-2369, Jul. 2023

3. Ying-Ren Chien, Chih-Hsiang Yu, Hen-Wai Tsao, “Affine-Projection-Like Maximum Correntropy Criteria Algorithm for Robust Active Noise Control” , IEEE Transactions on Audio,Speech,and Language Processing , Vol. 30 , 2255-2266, Jul. 2022

4. Ying-Ren Chien, Cheng-Hsuan Wu, Hen-Wai Tsao, “Automatic Sleep_Arousal Detection with Single-Lead EEG Using Stacking Ensemble Learning” , Sensors , Vol. 21 , 1-16, 2021

5. Yu-Chuan Lin , Hen-Wai Tsao, “A 10Gb/s Eye-Opening Monitor Circuit for Receiver Equalizer Adaptations in 65-nm CMOS” , IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration(VLSI) Systems , Vol. Vol.28, No.1 , 23-34, Jan. 2020

6. Yu-Chuan Lin , Hen-Wai Tsao, “A 5-bit 400-MS/s time domain flash ADC in 0.18-μm CMOS” , Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing , Vol. Vol.102 , 369-378, Jan. 2020

7. Jhe-Yi Lin, Ronald Y. Chang, Chia-Han Lee, Hen-Wai Tsao, and Hsuang-Jung Su, ““Multi-Agent Distributed Beamforming With Improper Gaussian Signaling for MIMO Interference Broadcast” , IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , Vol. Vol.18, No.1 , 136 -151, Jan. 2019

8. Yi-Jiun Huang, Hen-Wai Tsao, Huang-Tien Lin, and Chia-Shu Liao, “Multiple Access Interference Suppression for TWSTFT Applications” , IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement , Vol. Vol. 66, No. 6 , 1337-1342-, Jun. 2017

9. Yi-Jiun Huang, Miho Fujieda, Hiroshi Takiguchi, Wen-Hung Tseng and Hen-Wai Tsao, “ Stability Improvement of an Operational Two-way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer System” , Metrologia , Vol. Vol.53, No.2 , 881-890-890, Mar. 2016

10. Chia-Wei Chen, Hen-Wai Tsao, and Pei-Yun Tsai, “MIMO Precoder Design with a Compensated QR-Decomposition Combination for CoMP Downlink Scenarios” , IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , Vol. Vol. 65, No. 10 , 7982-92- , Oct. 2016

11. Hsueh-Yen Yang, Hong-Shen Lin, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “The Method of 2/3 Sampled Sub-Pixel Rendering for AMOLED Display” , OSA Journal of Display Technology , Vol. Vol. 12, Issue 2 , 158 -164, Feb. 2016

12. Da-Cheng Sung, Hen-Wai Tsao, “Color Filter Array Demosaicking by Using Subband Synthesis Scheme” , IEEE Sensors Journal , Vol. Vol. 15, No. 11 , 6164-6172-, Nov. 2015

13. Da-Cheng Sung, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Demosaicing Using Subband-based Classifiers” , Electronics Letters , Vol. Vol.51, No.3 , 228-230, Feb. 2015

14. Yi-Jiun Huang, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Design and Evaluation of Open-Loop Receiver for TWSTFT Applications” , IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement , Vol. Vol. 64, No.6 , 1553-1558, Jun. 2015

15. Jian-Jia Huang, Chung-Yu Chang, Jen-Kuang Lee, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Resolving Single-lead ECG from EMG Interference in Holter Recording Based on EEMD” , Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications , Vol. Vol.26, No.1 , pp.1450008-1-1450008-10, Feb. 2014

16. M-T Lai and H-W Tsao, “Ultra-Low-Power Cascaded CMOS LNA with Positive Feedback and Bias Optimization” , IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques , Vol. Vol.61, No.5, , pp.1934-1945-, May 2013

17. Y-G. Chen, H-W. Tsao, and C-S. Hwang, “A Fast-Locking All-Digital Deskew Buffer with Duty-Cycle Correction” , IEEE Trans. on VLSI Systems , Vol. Vol.21 , No.2 , pp.270-280-, Feb. 2013

18. J-J Huang, C-T Yen, T-L Liu, H-W. Tsao, J-W. Hsu, M-L Tsai, “Effects of dopamine D2 agonist quinpirole on neuronal activity of anterior cingulate cortex and stratum in rats” , Psychopharmacology , Vol. Vol.227 , pp.459-466-, Jan. 2013

19. C-C Chen, C-H Lien, H-W. Tsao, and H Wang, “A 1.2V 15-32 GHz low-power single-balanced gate mixer with a miniature rat-raced hybrid” , International J. of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Vol. Vol. 4, Issue 04 , pp.455-461-, Aug. 2012

20. Y-H. Lee, H-W. Tseng, W-C Lee, J-Y. Lin, Y-G. Jan, and H-W. Tsao, “The measurement and analysis of WIMAX base station signal coverage” , Progress in Electromagnetics Research C , Vol. Vol. 25, , pp.223-232-, Jan. 2012

21. J-S Chen, H-C. Kung, H-W. Tsao, S-L Lee, “Modeling of Self-Sustained pulsation based on two-section Distributed Feedback Lasers with shift-layer” , Japan Journal of Applied Physics , Vol. Vol. 49 , pp. 122101~122101-8-, Dec. 2010

22. K-C Jong, H-W. Tsao, S-L. Lee, S-K Shao, “Performance evaluation of fault-branch detection in TDM passive optical networks by spectral analysis of interferometric signals” , Photonic Network Communications , Vol. Vol. 20, No. 2 , pp.165~172-, Oct. 2010

23. J-S Chen, S-L. Lee, H-C Kung, H-W. Tsao, “Optical clock sources model based on two-section distributed feedback laser with shift layer” , Optical and Quantum Electronics , Vol. Vol. 41 , pp. 859~871-, Jul. 2010

24. Y-R Chien, W-L Mao, H-W. Tsao, “Design of a robust Multi-channel timing recovery system with imperfect channel state information for 10GBASE-T” , IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems-I , Vol. Vol. 57, No. 4 , pp. 886~896-, Apr. 2010

25. Y.-T. Lee, C.-M. Chang, W.-L. Mao, F.-R. Chang, H-W. Tsao, “Matched-filter-based low-complexity correlator for simultaneously acquiring global positioning system satellites” , IET Radar Sonar and Navigation , Vol. Vol. 4, ISS. 5 , pp. 712~723-, Jan. 2010

26. C-C. Chen, H.-W. Tsao, and H. Wang, “Design and analysis of CMOS frequency dividers with wide input locking range” , IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques , Vol. Vol. 57, No.12 , pp.3060-3069-, Dec. 2009

27. Y.-R. Chien, H.-W. Tsao, and W.-L. Mao, “Adaptive two-stage equalization and FEXT cancellation architecture for 10GBASE-Tsystem” , IET Communications , Vol. Vol.3, Iss. 7, , pp.11241135--, Jul. 2009

28. C-C. Chen, C-C.Li, B-J Huang, K-Y.Lin ,H.-W. Tsao, H.Wang, “Ring-based triple-push VCOs with wide continuous tuning ranges” , IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques , Vol. Vol. 57, No.9 , pp.2173-2183-, Sep. 2009

29. Y-R. Chien, W-L. Mao, and H.-W. Tsao, “A Novel Baud-Rate Timing Error Detector Design for Baseband Transmission System Using Tomlinson-Harashima Precoder” , IEEE Signal Processing Letters , Vol. Vol.15 , pp673-676-, Dec. 2008

30. H-Y Yang, Y-C. Fang, and H.-W. Tsao, “Algorithm and Architecture Design of Adative Brightness Correction for Video Application” , IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics , Vol. Vol.54, N0.4 , pp.1858-1866-, Nov. 2008

31. K.-C..Jong, H.-W. Tsao and S-L. Lee, “Novel optical performance monitoring techniques using jittered electro-optical sampling pulses” , Microwave and Optical Technology Letters , Vol. Vol.50, No.7 , Jul. 2008

32. K.-C. Jong, H.-W.Tsao, S.-L. Lee, “Q-factor monitoring of optical signal-to-noise ratio degradation in optical DPSK Transmission” , Electronics Letters , Vol. Vol.44, No.12 , Jun. 2008

33. Y-H. Lee, C-L. Yang, M-H. Chuang, H-W. Tseng, Y-S. Chou, H.-W. Tsao, S-L. Lee, “Analysis and Selection of Optimun Driving Current Combinations for Tunable Wavelength Laser” , Microwave and Optical Technology Letters , Vol. 48 , 1417-1423-, Jul. 2006

34. Y-C Fan, Hen-Wai Tsao, “Boundary Scan Test Scheme for IP Core Identification via Watermarking” , IEICE Trans. Inf. and Syst. , Vol. Vol. E88D, No.7 , 1397-1400-, Jul. 2005

35. Chun-Pang Wu and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A 110 MHz 84-dB CMOS Programmable Gain Amplifier With Integrated RSSI Function” , IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits , Vol. Vol.40, No.6 , pp.1249-1258-, Jun. 2005

36. C-H, Lin, J.Wu, H-W. Tsao,C-L Yang, “Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical CDMA System Using Mach-Zehnder Interferometers” , IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology , Vol. Vol.23, No.4, , 1543-1555-, Apr. 2005

37. Wei-Lung Mao, Hen-Wai Tsao, and Fan-Ren Chang, “Intelligent GPS receiver for robust carrier phase tracking in kinematic environments” , IEE Proceedings - Radar, Sonar and Navigation , Vol. vol. 151, no. 3 , pp: 171-180-, Jun. 2004

38. Ting-Yuan Wang, Shih-Min Lin, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Multiple channel programmable timing generators with single cyclic delay line” , IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement , Vol. vol. 53, no. 4 , pp: 1295-1303-, Aug. 2004

39. Chorng-Sii Hwang, Poki Chen, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A high-precision time-to-digital converter using a two-level conversion scheme” , IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science , Vol. vol. 51, no. 4 , pp: 1349-1352-, Aug. 2004

40. W. L. Mao, H. W. Tsao, and F. R. Chang, “A New Fuzzy Bandwidth Carrier Recovery System in GPS for Fast Phase Tracking” , IEEE Signal Processing Letters , Vol. Vol.11, No.4 , pp.431-434-, Apr. 2004

41. C.-L. Yang, S.-L. Lee, H.-W. Tsao, and J. Wu, “Simultaneous channel and OSNR monitoring using a polarization selective modulator and a LED” , IEEE Photonics Technology Letters , Vol. vol. 16, no. 3 , pp.945-947-, Mar. 2004

42. Jingshown Wu, F. R. Gu, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Jitter performance analysis of SOCDMA-based EPON using perfect difference codes” , IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology , Vol. vol. 22, no. 5 , pp: 1309-1319-, May 2004

43. W. L. Mao, H. W. Tsao, and F. R. Chang, “Cancellation of Narrowband Interference in GPS Receivers Using NDEKF-based Recurrent Neural Network Predictors” , IEICE Trans. Fundamentals , Vol. vol. E86-a, no. 4, , pp. 954-960-, Apr. 2003

44. Yu-Cheng Fan, and H. W. Tsao, “Watermarking for intellectual property protection” , Electronics Letters , Vol. Volume: 39 No.18, 4 , Sep. 2003

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Conference & proceeding papers:

1. Jerry Ho, Yu-Chuan Lin, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A 32Gb/s Equalizer with Adaptive T-coil Input Matching and Fullrate DFE in 28nm CMOS” , International VLSI Symposium on Technology,Systems and Applications , HsinChu, Taiwan , Apr. 2024

2. Sheng-Sian Wang, Ying-Ren Chien, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Compensation of SNR Degradation Caused by Nonlinearity of the Phase Interpolator in a Frequency-Domain Echo Canceller ” , IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) , Florence , May 2018

3. Jhe-Yi Lin, Ronald Y. Chang, Chia-Han Lee, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Signaling for MIMO Interference Broadcast Distributed Beamforming with Improper Gaussian Channels” , IEEE Global Communications Conference(GLOBECOM) , 2017

4. Shang-Yi Lin, Hen-Wai Tsao, San-Liang Lee, “A Novel Method for PAM-4 Signal Quality Estimation Using Asynchronous Eye Diagram Reconstruction” , Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC) and Photonics Global Conference (PGC) , Singapore , 2017

5. Jhe-Yi Lin, Chia-Han Lee, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “On the optimization of user-centric energy-efficient C-RAN” , IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) , 2016

6. Yu-Chuan Lin and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A high-speed high-accuracy voltage-to-time-difference converter for time domain analog-to-digital converters” , IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) , 2015

7. Po-Wen Chen, Mu-Tsung Lai, Hen-Wai Tsao, and Jing-Shown Wu, “A High Isolation Quasi-Circulator with Self-Adjusting Technique” , Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference,2014 , Jan. 2014

8. Jerry Ho, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A Fully Integrated 2.4GHz Adaptive Biased CMOS Power Amplifier for 802.11g WLAN Application” , Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference,2014 , Jan. 2014

9. M-T Lai and H-W Tsao, “An Analog-Based GFSK Demodulator for 60GHz Direct-Conversion Receiver Applications” , Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference , Korea , Jan. 2013

10. H-Y Shih and H-W Tsao, “A Low Power Power Sensor for Optical Communication” , Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference , Korea , Jan. 2013

11. Y-R. Chien, Y-C. Huang, D-N. Yang, H-W. Tsao, “A Novel Continuous Wave Interference Detectable Adaptive Notch Filter for GPS Receivers” , IEEE GLOBECOM 2010 , Dec. 2010

12. C.-S. Huang, C.-Y. Cho, C.-C. Chen, H.-W. Tsao, “Dual-band CDR using a half-rate linear phase detector” , IEEE SOC Conference , Sep. 2009

13. C.-C. Chen, H. Wang, H.-W. Tsao, C.-H. Wang, “3mW V-Band divide-by-2 and W-Band divide-by-4 wide locking range frequency dividers in 90-nm CMOS” , IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Symposium , Jun. 2009

14. J-S. Chen, S-L. Lee, H-C. Kung, H.-W. Tsao, K.-C. Jong, “Self-pulsation clock sources based on two-section DFB lasers with built-in shift layer” , CLEO 2008 , San Jose , May 2008

15. H-Y. Yang, Y-C. Lee Y-C. Fan, H.-W.Tsao, “A New Algorithm of Local Contrast Enhancement for Medical Image” , IEEE NSS/MIC , Hawaii, USA , Nov. 2007

16. C-C. Chen, C-H. Wang, B-J. Huang, H.-W. Tsao, H.Wang, “A 24-GHz Divide-by-four Injection Locked Frequency Divider in 0.13 um CMOS Technology” , IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits , Jeju Island, Korea , Nov. 2007

17. J-S. Chen, S-L. Lee, H-C. Kung, H.-W. Tsao, S-X. Wang, “Performance Analysis for All-Optical Label Swapping Routers Based on Two-Stage Wavelength Conversion” , CLEO/PR 2007 , Seoul, Korea , Aug. 2007

18. H-C. Kung, J-S. Chen, S-L. Lee, H.-W. Tsao, “Experimental Investigation of Self Pulsation in Two-section DFB Lasers” , CLEO/PR 2005 , Japan , Aug. 2005

19. Yu-Cheng Fan, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A Dual Pyramid Watermarking for JPEG-2000” , IEEE 19-th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications , Mar. 2005

20. Chun-Pang Wu, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A 100MHz timing generator for impulse radio applications” , Proceeding of the 30th European Solid-State Circuits Conference, ESSCIRC 2004 , Sep. 2004

21. Yu-Cheng Fan, Hsueh-Yen Yang, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Direct access test scheme for IP core protection” , Proceedings of 2004 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Advanced System Integrated Circuits, AP-ASIC 2004 , Aug. 2004

22. Wen-Ming Cheng, Hen-Wai Tsao, and Shyh-Lin Tsao, “Design and simulation of array lens for coupling of a 4x4 nano-scale VCSEL array to a single mode fiber” , Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices, NUSOD 2004 , Aug. 2004

23. Chorng-Sii Hwang, Poki Chen, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A wide-range and fast-locking clock synthesizer IP based on delay-locked loop” , Proceedings of the 2004 International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2004 , May 2004

24. Shou-Kuo Shao, Meng-Guang Tsai, Hen-Wai Tsao, Sreedevi, P., and Jingshown Wu, “Performance analysis of feedback type WDM optical routers under asynchronous and variable packet length self-similar traffic” , 2004 Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, HPSR. 2004 , Jan. 2004

25. Yu-Cheng Fan, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A Data Backup Embedding Scheme for Fragile Watermarking” , International Conference on Informatics Cybernetics and Systems, ICICS 2003 , Kaohsiung, Taiwan , Dec. 2003

26. Ting-Yuan Wang, Yi-Zen Chen, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A 10bits 710MHz Synchronous Count-Up Counter for ATE” , International Conference on Informatics Cybernetics and Systems, ICICS 2003 , Kaohsiung, Taiwan , Dec. 2003

27. Chorng-Sii Hwang, Poki Chen and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A High-Precision Time-to-Digital Converter Using a Two-Level Conversion Scheme” , IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2003 , Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. , Oct. 2003

28. Ting-Yuan Wang, Kun-Tso Chen, Hsien-Po Shiang, Min-Lian Yang, Hen-Wai Tsao, and Jingshown Wu, “A Novel High Speed Asynchronous Scalable Variable-Length Self-Routing Packet Switch” , 2003 Asia Pacific Communication Conference, APCC 2003 , Penang, Malaysia , Sep. 2003

29. Chun-Pang Wu, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A 110MHz 84dB CMOS Programmable Gain Amplifier with RSSI” , IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, RFIC 2003 , Philadelphia, nPennsylvania, U.S.A. , Jun. 2003

30. Yu-Cheng Fan, Wei-Lung Mao, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “An Artificial Neural Network-Based Scheme for Fragile Watermarking” , IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE 2003 , Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. , Jun. 2003

31. Chorng-Sii Hwang, Poki Chen and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A High-Resolution and Fast-Conversion Time-to-Digital Converter” , IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2003 , Bangkok, Thailand , May 2003

32. Yu-Cheng Fan, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Watermarking Based IP Core Protection” , IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2003 , Bangkok, Thailand , May 2003

33. Ting-Yuan Wang, Shi-Min Lin, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “Multiple Programmable Timing Generators Using Single Cyclic Delay” , IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, IMTC 2003 , Vail, Colorado, U.S.A. , May 2003

34. Ting-Yuan Wang, Shih-Min Lin, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A timing generator for high speed automatic test equipment” , The 2002 VLSI Design/CAD Symposium , Jan. 2002

35. Yu-Shiang Lin, and Hen-Wai Tsao, “A Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer With Modified MASH Delta-sigma Modulator” , The 2002 VLSI Design/CAD Symposium , Jan. 2002

36. W.L. Mao, H.W. Tsao, and F.R. Chang, “Anti-jamming Solution of GPS receiver using nonlinear adaptive predictor” , Proceeding of 14th International Technical Meeting of the ION , Salk Lake City, UT, USA , Sep. 2001

37. Chorng-Sii Hwang, Wang-Chih Chung, Chih-Yong Wang, Hen-Wai Tsao, Shen-Iuan Liu, “A 2 V clock synchronizer using digital delay-locked loop” , ASICs, 2000. AP-ASIC 2000. Proceedings of the Second IEEE Asia Pacific Conference , Aug. 2000

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Patents:

1. Chieh-Jui Ho, Hen-Wai Tsao, “Transformer Power Amplifier” , USA, US9112459B2, 2015

2. Chieh-Jui Ho, Hen-Wai Tsao, “Transformer hybrid” , USA, US8937523B1, 2015

3. H-W. Tsao and Y-C. Fan, “Method and Device for IC Identification” , USA. 6883151, Apr. 2005

4. 曹恆偉, 范育成, “一種積體電路之認證方法及其電路” , Taiwan, I226001, Jan. 2005

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